Philippe from France

Philippe of France, Duke of Orleans (Saint-Germain-en-Laye, 21 September 1640), was the son of King Louis XIII of France and his wife Anne of Austria, and younger brother of Louis XIV of France. During his brother's reign, he was known simply as "Monsieur", the traditional title used in the French Court to distinguish the king's younger brother.

Like his brother, he had an extravagant way of dressing[1]. The court of Louis XIV stood out in the fashion of the European elite, they abused luxury, fabrics and high heels. Philippe was controversial for having had male lovers, among them Philippe Mancini, nephew of Cardinal Mazarino, Armand de Gramont, Count of Guiche and the Knight of Lorraine stood out.

Given his undeniable courage in combat, King Louis XIV gave him no room for maneuver and did not grant him any power. Even though Philip achieved victories in the Franco-Dutch War (Battle of Cassel, 1677) against William III of England, Prince of Orange, his brother deprived him of all military direction. The Sun King kept him from power his entire life.